Urban Industrial Consumerism Between 1920 And 1929

Urban industrial consumerism between 1920 and 1929 collapsed in the Great Depression, but created a framework for a Consumer Recovery between 1941 and 1961. In the early twentieth century United States began to dominate the world s economy. Wealthy industrial nation, rich in many natural resources such as coal, wood, iron, and oil, was able to maintain strong industries just as railway, mining, and manufacturing. Events like World War I, devastating for the most of European countries, helped to boost US economy mainly because of providing war materials such as ammunition, weapons, and food supplies.[AE: Wilson]. The global war transformed the United States into an international creditor and increased both government spending and revenue. 1920s for the most of nations was the time of the postwar recession, accompanied by attempts to rebuild the devastated states. For United States it was the time of the great prosperity. The development of technology, new machine tools, and interchangeable parts allowed to produce goods on a larger scale much quicker and cheaper than ever before. A huge impact on the boom of so called mass production had invention of the assembly line. â€Å"Henry Ford the founder of the Ford Motor Company had a great vision, to create a motor car for the great multitude. Thanks to the invention of the automotive assembly line his dream came true and many middle-class Americans could afford to buy an automobile. The cheaper production of cars increasedShow MoreRelatedUrban Industrial Consumerism Between 1920 And 19291710 Words   |  7 Pages[introduction]Urban industrial consumerism between 1920 and 1929 collapsed in the Great Depression, but created a framework for a Consumer Recovery between 19 41 and 1961. In the early twentieth century the United States began to dominate the world s economy. The US was a wealthy industrial nation, rich in many natural resources such as coal, wood, iron, and oil, and was able to maintain strong industries just as railway, mining, and manufacturing. Events like World War I (1914-1918), devastatingRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1920 S1706 Words   |  7 PagesAt the beginning of the 1920’s, the United States was beginning to recover the economy now that World War I was over. During this decade, America became the richest nation in the world. The 1920’s, also referred to as the roaring twenties, was a period of dramatic and social change. More Americans during this era lived in the city rather than on a farm. The nation’s wealth doubled throughout the roaring twenties, and lead the Stock Market Crash of 1929 where the Great Depression followed after thisRead MoreThe Roaring Twenties : Decade Of Transition And Transformation176 5 Words   |  8 PagesThe Roaring Twenties: Decade of Transition and Transformation The 1920s or The Roaring Twenties played an important role in American History. It’s past and future experienced a dramatic change, because of how entrenched america was physiologically and culturally, but in the 1920s it seemed to break its evocative attachments to the recent past and escort in a more modern era. The most scintillating impressions of that era are flappers and dance halls, movie palaces and radio empires, and ProhibitionRead MoreReview of ‚Äà ²Dressed to Kill: Consumption, Style and the Gangster (Ruth, 1996)‚Äà ´2868 Words   |  12 Pagesattitudes, into the American society during the 1920s had a significant impact and influence on people’s society and culture. The public enemy, defined by business organisation, violent criminality and stylish consumption, was deployed by many Americans during the development of a new consumer society. The gangster was introduced and became a fascination to Americans at the peak of development of the new consumer society. Within this new society, consumerism had increased dramatically, when easy creditRead MoreThe Way Of Life Before World War I2166 Words   |  9 PagesDuring the Industrial Revolution, or time before WWI, people all over the country worked, not only men but also boys, because â€Å"the Industrial Revolution transitioned the United States from a rural to an urban society† (The Industrial Revolution in the United States, 2014). They worked long hours and had low pay. According to statistics, â€Å"most workers in the worked over 10-hour a day, yet earned between 20 to 40 percent less than the minimum pay necessary for a decent life† (The Industrial RevolutionRead MoreHow Did The Rise Of Mass Production Transform The Role Of The United?2721 Words   |  11 Pagesleading economic superpower it remains today. Following the turbulent economic climate o f the country following World War I, the development of mass production not only revolutionised the industrial sphere, but also remains widely accredited for being the key driving force behind the economic boom in the 1920s. Existing social values were reformed; free-market capitalist practices were endorsed, and American society aspired to ideals of excessive material wealth and excess. A revolution of mass consumption’Read MoreEssay about History: World War I and Bold Experiments7600 Words   |  31 Pagesof ­Industrialization, ­1877–1929 This part covers the following chapters in Henretta et al., America’s History, Seventh Edition: Chapter ­17 ­ The Busy Hive: Industrial America at Work, 1877–1911 Chapter 18 The Victorians Meet the Modern, 1880–1917 Chapter 19 â€Å"Civilization’s Inferno†: The Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880 –1917 Chapter 20 Whose Government? Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880 –1917 Chapter 21 An Emerging World Power, 1877–1918 Chapter 22 Wrestling with Modernity, 1918 –1929 Part 5 Read MoreWhy Did Stalin Launch The Five Year Plans During The Late 1920s?2579 Words   |  11 PagesWhy did Stalin launch the Five Year Plans in the late 1920s? The Bolsheviks believed they had to industrialise to achieve national strength and maintain independence. This was a shared view of non-Bolshevik predecessors such as Count Sergei Witte a former Russian minister. The Soviet Union needed a modern industry, especially a heavy industry, as there was the idea that they had to defend the revolution. They believed the Russian revolution was in constant danger from capitalist countries, whichRead MoreModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words   |  104 PagesHISTORY -2012 Topic one – USA 1919-1941 Topic two – conflict in the pacific Topic three – Douglas MacArthur Topic Four – World War I TOPIC ONE – USA 1919-1941 USA 1920’S * the radio age * felt like istory had turned a corner and never going back * stock market * black Thursday November 24 1929 * the jazz age * a speakeasyyyyyyy How significant were the Republican policies in causing the great depression? The significance of the republic policies were greatRead MoreEssay on A.P.U.S.H unit 6 study guide4910 Words   |  20 Pageslate-nineteenth-century technological innovations in communications, office productivity, and ocean transportation? spatial evolution of economic systems and associated technical developments. It is possible to summarize this evolution, from the pre-industrial era to transportation in the early 21st century, 2 What developments allowed the widespread use of electricity as a source of light and power to become commonplace by the turn of the century? Developments with renewable energy and electricity Urban Industrial Consumerism Between 1920 And 1929 [introduction]Urban industrial consumerism between 1920 and 1929 collapsed in the Great Depression, but created a framework for a Consumer Recovery between 1941 and 1961. In the early twentieth century the United States began to dominate the world s economy. The US was a wealthy industrial nation, rich in many natural resources such as coal, wood, iron, and oil, and was able to maintain strong industries just as railway, mining, and manufacturing. Events like World War I (1914-1918), devastating for most European countries, helped to boost the US economy mainly because of providing war materials such as ammunition, weapons, and food supplies.[AE: Wilson]. The global war transformed the United States into an international creditor and increased both government spending and revenue. During the 1920s for most countries were experiencing time of the postwar recession, accompanied by attempts to rebuild themselves. For United States it was the time of great prosperity and economic boom. The development of technology, new machine tools, and interchangeable parts allowed to produce goods on a larger scale much quicker and cheaper than ever before. A huge impact on the boom of so called mass production was the invention of the assembly line. â€Å"Henry Ford the founder of the Ford Motor Company had a great vision, to create a motor car for the great multitude. (Reference) Thanks to the invention of the automotive assembly line his dream came true and many middle-class AmericansShow MoreRelatedUrban Industrial Consumerism Between 1920 And 19291443 Words   |  6 PagesUrban industrial consumerism between 1920 and 1929 collapsed in the Great Depression, but created a framework for a Consumer Recovery between 1941 and 1961. In the early twentieth century United States began to dominate the world s economy. Wealthy industrial nation, rich in many natural resources such as coal, wood, iron, and oil, was able to maintain strong industries just as railway, mining, and manufacturing. Events like World War I, devastating for the most of European countries, helped toRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The 1920 S1706 Words   |  7 PagesAt the beginning of the 1920’s, the United States was beginning to recover the economy now that World War I was over. During this decade, America became the richest nation in the world. The 1920’s, also referred to as the roaring twenties, was a period of dramatic and social change. More Americans during this era lived in the city rather than on a farm. The nation’s wealth doubled throughout the roaring twenties, and lead the Stock Market Crash of 1929 where the Great Depression followed after thisRead MoreThe Roaring Twenties : Decade Of Transition And Tran sformation1765 Words   |  8 PagesThe Roaring Twenties: Decade of Transition and Transformation The 1920s or The Roaring Twenties played an important role in American History. It’s past and future experienced a dramatic change, because of how entrenched america was physiologically and culturally, but in the 1920s it seemed to break its evocative attachments to the recent past and escort in a more modern era. The most scintillating impressions of that era are flappers and dance halls, movie palaces and radio empires, and ProhibitionRead MoreReview of ‚Äà ²Dressed to Kill: Consumption, Style and the Gangster (Ruth, 1996)‚Äà ´2868 Words   |  12 Pagesattitudes, into the American society during the 1920s had a significant impact and influence on people’s society and culture. The public enemy, defined by business organisation, violent criminality and stylish consumption, was deployed by many Americans during the development of a new consumer society. The gangster was introduced and became a fascination to Americans at the peak of development of the new consumer society. Within this new society, consumerism had increased dramatically, when easy creditRead MoreThe Way Of Life Before World War I2166 Words   |  9 PagesDuring the Industrial Revolution, or time before WWI, people all over the country worked, not only men but also boys, because â€Å"the Industrial Revolution transitioned the United States from a rural to an urban society† (The Industrial Revolution in the United States, 2014). They worked long hours and had low pay. According to statistics, â€Å"most workers in the worked over 10-hour a day, yet earned between 20 to 40 percent less than the minimum pay necessary for a decent life† (The Industrial RevolutionRead MoreHow Did The Rise Of Mass Production Transform The Role Of The United?2721 Words   |  11 Pagesleading economic superpower it remains today. Following the turbulent economic climate o f the country following World War I, the development of mass production not only revolutionised the industrial sphere, but also remains widely accredited for being the key driving force behind the economic boom in the 1920s. Existing social values were reformed; free-market capitalist practices were endorsed, and American society aspired to ideals of excessive material wealth and excess. A revolution of mass consumption’Read MoreEssay about History: World War I and Bold Experiments7600 Words   |  31 Pagesof ­Industrialization, ­1877–1929 This part covers the following chapters in Henretta et al., America’s History, Seventh Edition: Chapter ­17 ­ The Busy Hive: Industrial America at Work, 1877–1911 Chapter 18 The Victorians Meet the Modern, 1880–1917 Chapter 19 â€Å"Civilization’s Inferno†: The Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880 –1917 Chapter 20 Whose Government? Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880 –1917 Chapter 21 An Emerging World Power, 1877–1918 Chapter 22 Wrestling with Modernity, 1918 –1929 Part 5 Read MoreWhy Did Stalin Launch The Five Year Plans During The Late 1920s?2579 Words   |  11 PagesWhy did Stalin launch the Five Year Plans in the late 1920s? The Bolsheviks believed they had to industrialise to achieve national strength and maintain independence. This was a shared view of non-Bolshevik predecessors such as Count Sergei Witte a former Russian minister. The Soviet Union needed a modern industry, especially a heavy industry, as there was the idea that they had to defend the revolution. They believed the Russian revolution was in constant danger from capitalist countries, whichRead MoreModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words   |  104 PagesHISTORY -2012 Topic one – USA 1919-1941 Topic two – conflict in the pacific Topic three – Douglas MacArthur Topic Four – World War I TOPIC ONE – USA 1919-1941 USA 1920’S * the radio age * felt like istory had turned a corner and never going back * stock market * black Thursday November 24 1929 * the jazz age * a speakeasyyyyyyy How significant were the Republican policies in causing the great depression? The significance of the republic policies were greatRead MoreEssay on A.P.U.S.H unit 6 study guide4910 Words   |  20 Pageslate-nineteenth-century technological innovations in communications, office productivity, and ocean transportation? spatial evolution of economic systems and associated technical developments. It is possible to summarize this evolution, from the pre-industrial era to transportation in the early 21st century, 2 What developments allowed the widespread use of electricity as a source of light and power to become commonplace by the turn of the century? Developments with renewable energy and electricity

Creating Chaos and Losing Knowledge - 1334 Words

In â€Å"The Plague†, by Albert Camus, Joseph Grand experiences a creative stagnation. He cannot get past his opening sentence: â€Å"One fine morning in the month of May an elegant young horsewoman might have been seen riding a handsome sorrel mare along the flowery avenue of the Bois de Boulogne.† Having revised it and rearranged it for years, he cannot make sense of it and fails to generate a story. His idea of perfection ruins his creative side. He frantically wants the precise words and thinks that learning Latin will make him a better writer. He uses all of his time and energy creating a first perfect sentence, something that he never achieves. Every time he finishes the sentence, he is unsatisfied and writes it again. He†¦show more content†¦When Cooper is a middle age man, he understands why his parents were not interested in the mazes he created. Thomas would have said that it was their knowledge and their predictable life that got in the way of th eir creative thinking. Yet Cooper, would have said that it was the process of aging that took their creativity away. Cooper’s parents were trapped in their own labyrinth and got disconnected from the simple things in life that brings happiness like playing with their son. I would say that knowledge and aging do not imply losing self-awareness. On the contrary, aging makes people wiser and more connected with themselves if they appreciate the works nature. Moreover, knowledge gives us value; it is a treasure if we use that knowledge to be productive and serve others. Even if we age, we should still accept and look forward for challenges. In â€Å"Crickets, Bats, Cats Chaos† Lewis Thomas observes his cat, but without language he can only guess what his cat’s thoughts or emotions are if he has any. He moves like a gymnast around the house and seems to know all of his moves. For Thomas, his cat might have reached what Chinese Taoists would call a state of â€Å"n o-knowledge† in which he is aware of himself and gets to see the world with a different perspective, like an illumination. In â€Å"The Metamorphosis† by Franz Kafka, Gregor, the protagonistShow MoreRelatedEssay on Its Time to Abolish Religion848 Words   |  4 PagesCan a society exist emancipated from religion? Will its foundations decay due to the absence of it, or will it flourish and achieve a new stratum of knowledge which will result in a peaceful co-existence? The word â€Å"religion† has its roots in the Latin word â€Å"religare† which means to bind together, or to connect; on the contrary I argue religion has been an apparatus of division, rather than achieving collectivism, thus doing much more harm than good. History represents the bloody warfare instigatedRead MoreThe Battle Of The Triple Entente Dominated Europe1452 Words   |  6 PagesPoland. German lost Alsace-Lorraine, Corridor, Eupen-Malmedy, and N. Schleswig. Austria-Hungary lost mos t of its empire and was separated into Austria and Hungary. These geopolitical changes resulted in new nations being formed. It had the effect of creating more potential sources of conflict. Document Response 1. The telegrams exchanged between Nicholas II and William II revealed the main causes of World War I: the assassination of the Archduke of Austria-Hungary, military alliances, and the Europeans’Read MoreRepresentation of Indigenous Cultures in the Rabbits and Rabbit Proof Fence987 Words   |  4 Pagestension with some soft, yet ominous music and as they see the car, there is a slight silence before the intense music slams suddenly to support and symbolise the chaos and confusion of this part of the scene. This brief respite in music and the slow motion close-up shots of the horrified expressions on the faces of all of them emphasises the chaos that was about to happen when constable Riggs chases and captures the girls. Even after the girls were obstructed by the car and constable Riggs was takingRead MoreThe Effects Of Economics On Our Lives At A Young Age973 Words   |  4 Pagesof two business owners who planted the seeds from ground up and grew their respective businesses to what they are now, I was exposed to what a significant role economic influence plays in people s’ lives at a young age. I distinctly remember the chaos and utter stress that engulfed my parents during the financial crisis of 2007. Although I was young, I felt the tension, the stress, the veil of hopelessness that blanketed my family. As most parents do, they tried to shield me from the realities ofRead MoreWhy English is Important Essay929 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstand as a whole a common or proper way of doing things. Without this we would have chaos. Another down-fall to the English language is technology, i.e. internet, text messaging. With the introduction of the internet and text messaging we are losing more and more of our standard English practices. Words are shortened or become a couple of letters and we are getting used to this, but for academia this is creating a weakened English system. I’m not saying we all need to be English professors, butRead MoreLooking Toward the Future1187 Words   |  5 PagesSMART goal process while explaining each goal. After discussing my goals toward the future I will create an accountability plan that will help ensure I meet the goals I have set for myself. Personal Goal: Lose 40 pounds My personal goal involves losing forty pounds. I have been overweight for a few years now mostly related to the comfort that comes with a relationship. Now that I m a free man, I feel that the time alone should be taken to better myself. This goal is extremely important to me becauseRead MoreU.s. Department Of The Criminal Justice Field1691 Words   |  7 PagesIn my Special Topics in Geography course, the instructor Dr. Hilburn had assigned my peers and I to do a map of anything that interests us by applying all the skills and knowledge that we have learned during the semester. During my research of opting of what should I do my map about I focused myself within the study field in which I am majoring so, I started researching anything that is related to the criminal justice field. A key factor that helped me determined what should the topic of my map focusRead MoreIndustrialization Of Industrialization And Industrialization Essay1693 Words   |  7 Pagesopium. Luckily the govern ment senses the importance of banning Opium in China, so at the end of 1838, the Tao Kuang Emperor named Lin Tse-has to take action to abolish the trade of opium. As the opium ban became more successful, Britain was scared of losing the trade again so it decided to use their last method which marks the start of the First and Second Opium War. Opium war ended in a huge loss in China and later is deemed as the biggest war between China and western culture. The first war endedRead MoreCultural Context : The Sandman That Created One Image Of The Ideal Female Machine ``1890 Words   |  8 Pagescenturies, many became captivated with alchemy, magic, and the fantastical. Knowledge of these practices would assist people in attaining ideal human qualities, therefore perfecting and making them super or beyond human. It was not until the late 19th, early 20th century that people began to move away from the idea of the fantastical, and shift towards the idea of a human that operated like a machine. These fantasies of creating a machine that embodies the perfect human were popular throughout literatureRead MoreBruce Almighty Reflection1001 Words   |  5 Pagesimmature ways. God disappointedly notices this and tells him that he must positively improve the world within a day or else there would be consequences. Bruce then starts giv ing everyone everything they’ve always wanted, which ends up resulting in chaos. Flustered, Bruce kneels in the middle of the road, begging God to return him to normal and ends up getting hit by a truck and dying. He meets up with God again and God brings him back to life, only because he learned a life lesson. Bruce returns to

Women in Psychology Mary Calkins Free Essays

What does it take to be number one? As we know everyone loves a winner. Most people if they were asked who the fastest man in the world was? They would correctly answer with the name Usain Bolt. Nobody remembers number two right? However, let us imagine Mr. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Psychology Mary Calkins or any similar topic only for you Order Now Bolt being told that he could compete in track and field but he could not officially win any medal because he was Jamaican. Sounds far-fetched today and against our values and everything we stand for in the 21st century? Well in the 1800s, things were very different especially for women and Mary Calkins was no exception. Mary Calkins not only made countless contributions to the field of psychology, her perseverance changed many perceptions resulting in her indirectly becoming a champion for women’s rights and equality. In this assignment, we will examine Mrs. Calkin’s background, theoretical perspectives and the integral role she played in the field of psychology. Mary Calkins, the oldest of five children was born to Wolcott and Charlotte Calkins on March 30, 1863, in Hartford, Connecticut. Her parents placed a great emphasis on education so in addition to elementary school, she took private lessons so she could learn German. After graduating high school Mary enrolled in Smith College in 1882, but took a hiatus her junior year in 1884, due to the untimely death of her sister and her mother being gravely ill. Mary did not make waste of this time. While at home she decided to learn Greek which was pivotal to her journey in the field of psychology. After Mary finally earned her degrees in Classics and Philosophy, she took a trip to Europe with family and had already decided when she returned that she would be a teacher and as well as tutor students in the Greek Language. However, her plans changed when she was offered the opportunity to teach Greek, at Wellesley, College, one of the few higher learning educational institutions for women in the country. At Wellesley, she taught not only Greek, but philosophy and psychology as well. This ultimately resulting in the university creating a new position for her in the experimental psychology department, although she had no credentialed training in psychology. This was crucial because many schools back then did not even admit women as students much less allow them to hold such a prestigious osition. For Mary to be successful, she knew she would have to further her education and learn more about psychology. Her ambition led her to enroll in two psychology seminars, one being at Clark University and the taught by Edmund C. Sanford and was taught by William James at Harvard University. Initially she was denied entry into Harvard because she was a woman. However, she had the president of Wellesley and her father both write letters on her behalf and was accepted. In 1891, her determination began paying dividends as she was able to set up a psychological laboratory at Wellesley and added scientific psychology to the program of study. From 1892 to 1895, she attended Harvard University. This is where she received some of the greatest resistance to everything she was trying to accomplish. Men and society during this time did not believe that women were fit for any job unless it was something that assisted a man i. e. doctor-nurse, boss-secretary, and homemaker. While Mary was allowed to attend Harvard, it was not without conditions. She could take classes and test, but in the University’s eyes she would be considered as guest. Undeterred and ready for the challenge, Mary enrolled in William James seminar on psychology; all the other students who happened to be men dropped the course in protest. What they believed is that if they did this the professor would boot her from the program because he would not want to lose his other students. Instead Professor James taught her individually and became her mentor. She also studied in the psychological laboratory at Harvard. She did all this while remaining a professor at Wellesley College herself. Mary completed all the required work and passed all her exams to earn a Ph. D. However, she was not awarded one due to the fact the she was a woman and women were not allowed to officially register at Harvard back then. She was later offered a Ph. D. , by Radcliffe College which was the female equivalent of Harvard, but she turned it down, believing that she done all of her work at Harvard, so it should be Harvard that awards her Ph. D. In 1898 is when Mary became a full time professor at Wellesley College focusing on philosophy and psychology publishing a slew of articles. When ten leading psychologists in the field of psychology were asked to rate their contemporaries by the measure of their work, Mary Calkins was listed 12 out of 50. Mary Calkins has given much to the field of psychology. For example there were only twelve colleges that had psychological laboratories in the entire United States and she created one. In her laboratory she had fifty four students dissect sheep brains and carry out studies on sensation, space perception, memory and reaction time. All of which are things that are used today by other scientists and different medical communities. For example, we are always hearing that drunk driving skews your space perception, sensation, memory and reaction time. One has to think this is not a coincidence that her work contributed to their findings. It was the first at a woman’s college and she did this with a mere $200. From 1891-1892 at the behest of G. Stanley Hall who has the editor of the American Journal of Psychology, her articles were normally studies and experiment by her and her studies that included everything from children’s emotions, moral consciousness, drawings, psychological anesthetics, and dreams. From her research in dreams she discovered there was a close relationship between her patient’s dreams and what happens in real life. Her work would not be appreciated during its early stages by most scholars as they were on board with Freudian thought process on dreams. Later this same community would dismiss Freud’s method and make Calkins research integral to dream researching. Through all of her research while pursuing her doctorate one of her most significant things she have to psychology was the Paired Technique. This technique is explained is putting to paired numbers in different colors on cards and flashing them to see what the subject could remember. What she found was bright colors were retained better as well as a new memorization method. It later became a standard means for human learning and remnants of it are still used today by psychologists. Of all of Mary Calkins contributions to psychology, she was most interested in self-psychology and ignited the brainstorm over this that caused many to take up research on the subject. She even published an autobiography in 1930, where her goal was to get psychologists to become self-psychologists. In 1900, she even wrote and published a paper expressing her belief that psychology is a science of the self. This was immediately followed by criticism from other academics. Mary Calkins was never afraid of a challenge and answered those criticisms in work that followed and in her presidential address at the American Psychological Association meeting in 1905. For all that she tried to do in self psychology, unfortunately Dr. Kohut, Dr. Honess, and Dr. Yardley failed to credit to give her any credit in this arena. During her career Mary was really busy evidenced by her writing 67 articles on psychology and 37 in philosophy. She also wrote and had 4 books on psychology published. Mary Calkins exemplary work preceded her and resulted in her being the first woman named president of the American Psychological Association and the American Philosophical Association. What Mary Calkins was able to accomplish in her day and age was simply amazing. She had to overcome numerous obstacles that would have made any other person give up and pursue a different profession. She worked and went to school, dealt with sexism and static thinking, in terms of a womens’ place in society. I say to Mary Calkins you are a winner and we remember you. Not only for your contributions that you have to the respective field of psychology, but the barriers that you broke down so that other women were allowed to be more easily accepted and respected. From my research on Mary Calkins I learned that a group of Harvard alumni petitioned for her to be awarded her doctorate in 1930, but they were denied. I think that it would be fitting if this cause was taken up once again today. For everything Mary Calkins has meant to the field of psychology it is the least we could do to honor all of the blood, sweat, and tears that she put into her work. How to cite Women in Psychology Mary Calkins, Essay examples

Camera Phone Photography and Locative Media †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Camera Phone Photography and Locative Media. Answer: Introduction The changes in the current market have the clear impacts on the perspective value of the people. Currently, the advancements in the smart phones are affecting the traditional method taking photographs. The hobbyist photographers usually prefer the DSLR camera for their interests in the photography Lillie (2015). Even though the cell phone features in this current scenario has the specific features for capturing images easily, many people still use the DSLR cameras for the photography purposes. The study would present the ideas about the replacements of the DSLR cameras by the cell phones. The technological advancements and the trends of using cameras would also be discussed in this study. The aim of the research is to identify whether cell phone has replaced the technologies of DSLR cameras in terms of capturing photographs. The study also attempts to identify the preference of the DSLR cameras among the hobbyist photographers. To identify the emerging trends of cell phone usages for taking photographs To present the comparison of the photography aspects through cell phone and DSLR cameras To critically analyze the possible trends of cell phones that are becoming the mainstream media of photo imaging H0: Cell phone photography is not the mainstream media of photo imaging H1: Cell phone photography is becoming the mainstream media of photo imaging The development of the technological trends has been the major concern in every media channel. The mainstream media is highly influenced by the technological advancements and current methods of media use. However, there are still some of the contradictory views and arguments present regarding the use of these media methods (Hjorth and Pink 2014). Especially, the easy use of the cell phones for capturing images has been replacing the camera uses. The literature study would thus provide the insightful ideas about the current trends of the cell phone, which is replacing the most common mainstream media for capturing images. Current effects of cell phone in the professional photo industry The enormous changes in the world seek betterment in every aspect. Accordingly, people shift their choices towards the advancements. The technology and art world also experience such changes in the patterns. It is notable that the photo imagining industry is much concerned with the progressive increment since the times of Renaissance (Alper 2014). People usually use the high quality camera for capturing the priceless moments and the photographs. The hobbyist photographers are even fond of using the well-featured cameras to make their photographs more attractive to the viewers. However, it has been observed that since last couple of decades, the emergence of advanced mobile technologies has been replacing the use of these traditional methods of capturing images. In current time, it has been observed that people have been using the easiest and quickest ways of capturing moments of their precious events. The highly advanced mobile technologies are influencing the minds of the people in a significant way. Therefore, the use of the DSLR is degrading continuously (Shipley 2015). The report even reflects that the sales of the DSLR cameras have been degrading since last few decades. It is thus assumed that the sudden fall in the sales ratio may affect the use of the mainstream media of the DSLR cameras in the photo industry. On the contrary, some of the hobbyist photographers prefer to use the DSLR effects and cameras for making the pictures more attractive. In the professional photo industry, people use the professional cameras for their imaging purposes. Hence, it is a contradictory view that the use of the mobile phone is situational for the professional photographers. The professional photo industry has the ultimate bond with the DSLR and well-featured professional cameras. The industry is almost dependent on such ecosystem. The features of the Mirror less cameras are specifically seen in the DSLR cameras, which are chosen mostly by the professional photographers. However, Rubinstein (2005) argued that the current advancements in the technologies have been improving the mobile camera quality that is becoming more competent in front of the DSLR cameras. It is giving the mobile phones more opportunity to replace the traditional method of capturing the photos with proper effects since the features are already available in the cell phones. It is important to mention that the declines in the sales ratio of the DSLR cameras and the rise of the cameras of cell phones have influenced the professional photography world quite drastically (Shu 2016). Generally, now-a-days, people usually do not seek the professional cameras when they can get the similar effe cts and features in their cell phone camera. Effects created on the Professional Photographers Photography is undoubtedly one of the most difficult skills to adopt by the people. The adequate knowledge about the photographs and tactics would make a perfect capture. However, it has been observed that the rise of the modern cameras has brought the drastic changes in this scenario. These big cameras are thus becoming affordable and smaller. The use of the films even made it more accessible to the users. Eventually, photography gained the most popularity among the hobbyist photographers (Boissin et al. 2015). However, it has been observed that the films used in the cameras are quite expensive and it is quite time consuming. The developed world then introduced the high-tech facilities to minimize the errors and become more available and user-friendly to the people. The professional photography world was thus affected by the emergence of the cell phone cameras. Currently, it has been observed that people are more inclined to capture images through the cell phone instead of the profe ssional cameras. In fact, now-a-days, it is not necessary for the people to become a knowledgeable one too use these technologies. The user-friendly features present in the cell phone cameras are quite helpful for them to capture the images instantly (Villi 2015). As a result, it is observed that the world of professional photography has been declining and dying with time. In fact, it is also observed that the future of the professional photography is also uncertain. Now, the ordinary people are capturing their moments at wedding, while travelling, or in any events. However, it is needless to mention that the cell phone camera has not yet reached to the quality of the DSLR cameras. The optical filters, flashguns, tripod, and other essential activities are not available in the cell phone. Hence, if the comparison is present between these two methods of photography, the DSLR cameras would win the show with its most remarkable image quality that attracts the customers much significantl y. The study concentrates on the comparative analysis between the cell phone cameras and the DSLR cameras. The major concern of this study is whether the cell phone cameras are becoming the mainstream media or photo imaging by replacing the DSLR cameras. The research is conducted by developing the mixed method process where both the primary and the secondary data are collected. The secondary information developed in the literature review section is collected from the secondary sources, such as journals, research articles, newspaper articles, websites, and books. On the other hand, the primary data collection process is associated with two major methods, such as quantitative data collection process and the qualitative data collection process. In order to derive the results from the primary data collection process, aa set of questionnaires is formulated. The opinions and perceptions of the people will be collected regarding their interests in photography. A wide range of people participated in this data collection people and presented their interests on photography skills. The major focus of the research was to gather the ideas about the photography interests from a number of people who have been quite fond of this particular field. The public opinion was collected to ensure the effects of the emerging cell phone cameras that are eventually replacing the DSLR cameras. The survey has covered a diverse community, such as university students, workplace, social media, and friend groups. An informative and simple set of questionnaires were formulated there were 4 different kinds of questions that covered the vast area of research subject. The research focused on 50 subjects containing the age groups between 18 to 46 years and above. The data was collected from both the online and offline sources. The copies of the questionnaire were sent to people through the online sites. On the other hand, the set of printed questionnaires were distributed among the offline people in order to gather their responses over this subject matter. The further study would concentrate on such collected data and would present the analysis to understand the perception of the people. Research Results and Discussions This section of the study would present the findings obtained from the quantitative and qualitative data collection process. The findings and the discussion of the information is presented further. Option Response Frequency (%) Number of Responses Total Respondents Yes 56% 28 50 No 44% 22 50 Mean 1.44 Median 1 Mode 1 Standard Deviation 0.501427 The above table indicates that majority 56% of the respondents are interested on photography whereas remaining 44% of the respondents are not so much interested. Therefore, it is clear that majority of the people are much fond of the photography field, be it casual or professional. Mean and median in this questionnaire is 1, which indicates that majority of the respondents selected the first option. The standard deviation is 0.50, which tends to 1. It implies that the risk in this questionnaire is low. Option Response Frequency (%) Number of Responses Total Respondents Yes 92% 46 50 No 8% 4 50 Mean 1.08 Median 1 Mode 1 Standard Deviation 0.274048 The obtained idea from the above question highlights majority 92% of the respondents mentioned that they are interested in capturing pictures whereas remaining 8% of the respondents did not show any interests. It is thus defining that majority of the people has the casual interests in capturing the images for any events or any moment. The median and mode in this questionnaire is 1, which indicates that the majority of the respondents selected the first option. The standard deviation is 0.27, which tends to 1 and indicates that the risk is quite low in this questionnaire. Option Response Frequency (%) Number of Responses Total Respondents Casual 32% 16 50 Hobbyist 24% 12 50 Enthusiast 16% 8 50 Professional 28% 14 50 Mean 2.4 Median 2 Mode 1 Standard Deviation 1.212183 The obtained idea from the above questionnaire highlights that majority 32% of the respondents are the casual photographers who capture random pictures of an event or any moment. This ratio is followed by 28% of the respondents who are professional photographers and require the high quality DSLR cameras for their photography purposes. Almost 24% of the respondents are hobbyists who use photography as their favorite hobby. Remaining 16% of the respondents are enthusiasts who are much enthusiastic about using their photography skills. The mean of the responses is 2.4, which indicates the average responses in this questionnaire. The mode is 1, which implies that majority of the respondents selected the first option. Median is 2, which is in the middle option in this questionnaire. The standard deviation of this questionnaire is 1.21, which tends to 2 and indicates that the risk in this questionnaire is quite higher. Option Response Frequency (%) Number of Responses Total Respondents Cell phone camera 64% 32 50 Digital Camera 22% 11 50 Professional DSLR Camera 14% 7 50 Mean 1.5 Median 1 Mode 1 Standard Deviation 0.735402 The ideas derived from this questionnaire indicate that majority 64% of the respondents usually use their cell phones for taking pictures whereas 22% of the people use the normal digital camera. It is also noted that remaining 14% of the respondents showed their interests towards professional DSLR cameras. It defines that majority of the people take the casual pictures with the normal quality of their cell phone. These people are much fond of using the easier and quicker way of capturing moments rather than using the difficult and time consuming method of capturing images. Some of the people even prefer using the digital cameras for their personal uses. The mode is 1.5, which indicates the average responses in this questionnaire. Median is 1, which is the middle option. Mode is also 1, which indicates that majority of the respondents selected the first option. The standard deviation is 0.73, which tends to 1. Hence, it implies that the risk in this questionnaire is quite low. Option Response Frequency (%) Number of Responses Total Respondents Professional Photography 24% 12 50 Cell Phone Photography 76% 38 50 Mean 1.76 Median 2 Mode 2 Standard Deviation 0.431419 The above table specifies that majority 76% of the respondents interested in cell phone photography whereas 24% of the respondents were interested in professional photography. Therefore, it can be implied that the cell phone photography has become the major interest areas for the photographers. Moreover, the advanced features available in the cell phone is becoming more user-friendly and less time consuming for the users. The mean is 1.76, which determines the average response. Median is 2, which refers the middle response in this questionnaire. Mode is 2, which indicates that majority of the respondents selected the second option. The standard deviation is 0.43, which tends to 1 and indicates that the risk in this questionnaire is much lower. Qualitative Questions In the qualitative data collection process, few of the customer responded that they would have purchased the cell phone cameras for capturing photos. According to these respondents, capturing images through cell phone is quite easy, quick, takes lesser time. They can easily capture their moments of interests instantly with the cell phone camera. Even the technological development in current time has improved the features in the cell phone. Hence, they can even capture the images with the help of the voice recognizing software or touching the phone screen once. Therefore, they indicated that the use of the cell phone camera is more convenient to these people. On the contrary, a group of the respondents indicated that the professional camera is better than the mobile phone camera. It is stated that the photos captured through the professional camera is higher in resolution and quality. The clear and attractive image quality of the professional camera is incomparable. The superior image quality makes the pictures more alive and impressive. Hence, professional camera is preferred mostly by these customers. In the qualitative data collection process, a very few amount of people stated that they can use the cell phone camera to capture the pictures for any professional purposes. However, in most of the cases, it is noticed that the quality of the cell phone camera is not much impressive in front of the high definition and high resolution-based professional cameras. Hence, it is preferable that majority of the people would still want to use the professional cameras for any professional purposes. It is important to mention that the cell phone camera has not yet reached to the quality of the DSLR cameras. The optical filters, flashguns, tripod, and other essential activities are not available in the cell phone. Hence, if the comparison is present between these two methods of photography, the DSLR cameras would win the show with its most remarkable image quality that attracts the customers much significantly. The responses gathered from the quantitative data collection process indicate that in current situation, people mostly prefer the cell phone camera. The technological advancements have improved the cell phone usages. Moreover, people are much fond of using the user-friendly techniques to save their times and efforts. It is true though that the quality of the professional camera is better than the cell phone camera. However, the rapid growth in the technological world predicts that due to the technological advancements the cell phone camera would replace the digital cameras in future. The high-defined features are also expected to be developed within the cell phone for providing the users a greater experience in capturing the images. Conclusion The study develops the comparative discussion regarding the use of the cell phone camera and the professional DSLR cameras. The thesis statement of the study reflects whether the cell phone camera would become the mainstream media by replacing the professional cameras. The responses derived from the respondents in the primary data collection process and the information received from the secondary data sources indicates that the cell phone camera may replace the professional cameras sooner in future. The advanced features would be added to develop the high definition picture quality. Hence, the professional photography world may face the considerable challenges from the trends of the cell phone cameras. References Alper, M., 2014. War on Instagram: Framing conflict photojournalism with mobile photography apps.New Media Society,16(8), pp.1233-1248. Boissin, C., Fleming, J., Wallis, L., Hasselberg, M. and Laflamme, L., 2015. Can we trust the use of smartphone cameras in clinical practice? Laypeople assessment of their image quality.TELEMEDICINE and e-HEALTH,21(11), pp.887-892. Hjorth, L. and Pink, S., 2014. New visualities and the digital wayfarer: Reconceptualizing camera phone photography and locative media.Mobile Media Communication,2(1), pp.40-57. 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